Little Brown Mushrooms
Family:
Various species of capped mushrooms in the phylum Basidiomycota (club fungi)
Description:
Into this catchall category go the hundreds of small or medium-sized mushrooms that are brown or tan and have the well-defined stalk and cap that define the traditional mushroom “shape.” Spore color, which is often used to identify mushrooms, varies in this group. Even experts can have a great deal of trouble sorting “little brown mushrooms” into species. Because many are poisonous, and some deadly, we recommend avoiding the whole bunch.
Size:
Varies with species.
Habitat and conservation:
Little brown mushrooms are found in spring, summer and fall, in all habitats. They may grow on soil or wood and may appear in lawns, pastures or forests. Because they are so difficult to identify, they should be avoided. Many "LBMs" are harmless, some are mildly poisonous or hallucinogenic, and a few are deadly. The innocent-looking little mushrooms of the genus Galerina are probably the most dangerous of this group. They contain the same toxin as amanitas and have caused a number of deaths.
Distribution in Missouri:
Statewide.
Status:
Common.
Life cycle:
A fungus that creates mushrooms exists most of the time underground or within rotting logs as a network of cells (mycelium) connected to tree roots, rotting material and the soil. When ready to reproduce, the mycelium develops the “mushroom” or “toadstool” aboveground; these are reproductive structures. Spores are produced in the gills and are released to begin new mycelia elsewhere. The mycelium of a mushroom can live for decades.
Human connections:
Even though the many species of “little brown mushrooms” cannot be safely eaten, we can still admire the geometry and delicacy of their growth forms, and appreciate the work fungi do to reduce tons of dead leaves, branches and other spent plant material into mulch and rich soil.
Ecosystem connections:
Fungi are vitally important for a healthy ecosystem. Many form symbiotic relationships with roots of many trees, helping or even enabling them to survive. Fungi also feed off of decomposing materials, cleaning the forest and helping nutrients to cycle back into the soil. MDC's Mission, Vision, Priorities
MDC protects and manages Missouri's fish, forest, and wildlife resources.
We also facilitate your participation in resource-management activities, and we provide opportunities for you to use, enjoy and learn about nature.
Shortened URL
http://mdc.mo.gov/node/4133
