Hawthorn

Crataegus spp. image of Hawthorn fruit and leaves

The hawthorns are a large and complex group of more than 100 species, most of which are shrubs or small trees. They commonly have large clusters of white flowers, red berries and thorns on the branches. Hawthorns invade old fields where they provide food and cover for wildlife. Special notes: downy hawthorn is Missouri's state flower.

Identifying Characteristics

Height
30 ft
Spread
25 ft
Leaves
alternate, simple, edges toothed; variable in shape and size depending on species
Flowers
white, showy; appearing April or May
Fruit
small yellow to red berries
Bark
gray to reddish-brown; trunk and branches with stiff, sharp thorns
Associated species
persimmon, eastern redcedar, Osage-orange, red mulberry, sumac
Ideal site conditions
average soil, full sun
Value to man
landscaping, windbreaks
Value to wildlife
food, cover
Growth Rate
slow
Range
range